Human NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1(NLRP1) ELISA kit

Acts as the sensor component of the NLRP1 inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to various pathogen-associated signals, leading to subsequent pyroptosis. Inflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals and play critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation. Acts as a recognition receptor (PRR): recognizes specific pathogens and other damage-associated signals, such as cleavage by human rhinoviruses 14 and 16 (HRV-14 and HRV-16), double-stranded RNA or Val-boroPro inhibitor, and mediates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex composed of NLRP1, CASP1 and PYCARD/ASC. In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of NLRP1 is degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, C-terminus), which polymerizes and associates with PYCARD/ASC to initiate the formation of the inflammasome complex: the NLRP1 inflammasome recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), leading to pyroptosis. Activation of NLRP1 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; the active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses. Binds ATP and shows ATPase activity. Plays an important role in antiviral immunity and inflammation in the human airway epithelium. Specifically recognizes a number of pathogen-associated signals: upon infection by human rhinoviruses 14 and 16 (HRV-14 and HRV-16), NLRP1 is cleaved and activated which triggers NLRP1-dependent inflammasome activation and IL18 secretion. Positive-strand RNA viruses such as. Semliki forest virus and long dsRNA activate the NLRP1 inflammasome, triggering IL1B release in a NLRP1-dependent fashion. Acts as a direct sensor for long dsRNA and thus RNA virus infection. May also be activated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, in a NOD2-dependent manner.; Constitutes the precusor of the NLRP1 inflammasome, which mediates autoproteolytic processing within the FIIND domain to generate the N-terminal and C-terminal parts, which are associated non-covalently in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals.; Regulatory part that prevents formation of the NLRP1 inflammasome: in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the C-terminal part of NLRP1 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, C-terminus), preventing activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, this part is ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein, which polymerizes and forms the NLRP1 inflammasome.; Constitutes the active part of the NLRP1 inflammasome. In absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the N-terminal part of NLRP1 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, N-terminus), preventing activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of NLRP1 is degraded by the proteasome, releasing this form, which polymerizes and associates with PYCARD/ASC to form of the NLRP1 inflammasome complex: the NLRP1 inflammasome complex then directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, leading to gasdermin-D (GSDMD) cleavage and subsequent pyroptosis.; It is unclear whether is involved in inflammasome formation. It is not cleaved within the FIIND domain, does not assemble into specks, nor promote IL1B release. However, in an vitro cell-free system, it has been shown to be activated by MDP.

1. not associated with obesity in this study PMID: 28634744
2. eight single nucleotide polymorphisms, four from NLRP1 (rs8079034, rs11651270, rs11657747, and rs878329) and NLRP3 (rs7512998, rs3806265, rs10754557, and rs10733113) each in 540 patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris and 612 healthy controls in the Chinese Han population, were genotyped. PMID: 29850521
3. the analysis of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients from Canada failed to identify potentially pathogenic mutations in NLRP1, including the previously described p.G587S mutation. Further studies are necessary to confirm a role of NLRP1 in the pathophysiology of MS. PMID: 28988323
4. Suggest inflammasome protein NLRP1 appears to have a specific role in the development of occlusive aortic disease. PMID: 29528779
5. Based on the data obtained from patients and in vitro cells, we concluded that both NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes are highly involved in the FLS inflammation and pyroptosis. PMID: 29393464
6. NLRP1 promotes cell line MCF-7 the proliferation, migration, and invasion through inducing EMT. PMID: 29214170
7. The CC genotype of NLRP1 rs878329 and TT genotype of PADI4 rs2240340 were associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis susceptibility in Asians. PMID: 28653215
8. study results suggest variations in the inflammasome, particularly in NLRP1 and CARD11, may be associated with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy PMID: 29438387
9. Data show that cyclic stretch activated the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 1 and 3 (NLRP1 and NLRP3) inflammasomes and induced the release of IL-1beta and pyroptosis via a caspase-1-related mechanism in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). PMID: 27626170
10. Our study demonstrated the potentially significant role of NLRP1 rs878329 (G>C) in developing susceptibility to the partial seizures in a Chinese Han population PMID: 28503575
11. mRNA expression levels of NLRP1 and NLRC4 were not altered in chronic hepatitis B patients, suggesting that these genes are not responsible for the impaired immune responses against HBV observed in these patients. PMID: 27750030
12. NLRP1 senses cellular infection by distinct invasive pathogens. PMID: 28808162
13. NLRP1 promotes melanoma growth by enhancing inflammasome activation and suppressing apoptotic pathways. PMID: 28263976
14. Two new mutations in NLRP1 (c.3641C>G, p.Pro1214Arg and c.2176C>T; p.Arg726Trp) were found to cause a new autoinflammatory syndrome, NLRP1-associated autoinflammation with arthritis and dyskeratosis. PMID: 27965258
15. Th17 micro-milieu via IL-17A regulates NLRP1-dependent CASP5 activity in psoriatic skin autoinflammation. PMID: 28422993
16. HO-1 inhibited expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), which is a transcription factor regulating NLRP1 expression PMID: 26925775
17. Simvastatin intake in peripheral arterial disease patients increases in vitro reactivity of NLRP1 inflammasome gene expression in endothelial cells. PMID: 27423725
18. these findings establish a group of non-fever inflammasome disorders, uncover an unexpected auto-inhibitory function for the pyrin domain, and provide the first genetic evidence linking NLRP1 to skin inflammatory syndromes and skin cancer predisposition. PMID: 27662089
19. The NLRP3 and NLRP1 inflammasomes are activated in Alzheimer's disease PMID: 26939933
20. NLRP1 inflammasome is activated by extracellular acidosis through ASIC1a signal pathway. PMID: 26715049
21. Nlrp1 inflammasome is downregulated in trauma patients PMID: 26232934
22. Human central Nervous System neurons express NLRP1 inflammasomes, which activate Casp1 and subsequently Casp6. Casp1 activation generates interleukin-1-beta-mediated neuroinflammation and Casp6 activation causes axonal degeneration. PMID: 25744023
23. The data of this study suggested that NLRP1/caspase-1 signaling participates in the seizure-induced degenerative process in humans. PMID: 25626361
24. The NLRP1 variant rs12150220 (L155H) was associated with the development of preeclampsia (OR = 1.58), suggesting a role of this inflammasome receptor in the pathogenesis of this multifactorial disorder. PMID: 25556596
25. Elevated expression of NLRP1 was associated with pemphigus vulgaris disease progression. PMID: 25342284
26. Ethanol-induced HMGB1 release is associated with NOX2/NLRP1 inflammasome signaling, which represents a novel mechanism of ethanol-associated neuron injury. PMID: 26079697
27. NALP1 is expressed low in colon cancer and associated with the survival and tumor metastasis of patients, and treatment with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine can restore NALP1 levels to suppress the growth of colon cancer. PMID: 25611377
28. Our data support the involvement of NLRP1 and the NLRP1 inflammasome in psoriasis susceptibility and further support the role of innate immunity in psoriasis. PMID: 24909542
29. these data identify NLRP1 as an essential mediator of the host immune response during IBD and cancer. PMID: 25725098
30. Letter: aspirin intake in peripheral arterial disease attenuates NLRP1 inflammasome gene expression in endothelial cells. PMID: 25814374
31. Inflammatory plasma factors induce NLRP1 on endothelial cells in peripheral artery disease. PMID: 24439873
32. The NOD-like receptor NLRP1a/Caspase-1 pathway is the best candidate to mediate the parasite-induced cell death. PMID: 24699513
33. The crystal structure of the LRR domain of human NLRP1 in the absence of muramyl dipeptide. PMID: 25064844
34. These results indicated deregulation of NLRP3/NLRP1 inflammasomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and suggested an important role for inflammasomes in the pathogenesis and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus. PMID: 24334646
35. Results show that polymorphisms in NLRP1 may be risk factors for susceptibility and progression of vitiligo.The upregulation of NLRP1 mRNA in patients with susceptible genotypes advocates the crucial role of NLRP1 in vitiligo. PMID: 23773036
36. TNF-alpha rs1800629 A/G, NLRP1 rs878329 C/G and NLRP1 rs6502867 C/T polymorphisms were not associated with risk of RA or AS. PMID: 24065540
37. Studied NLRP1 haplotypes associated with leprosy in Brazilian patients. PMID: 23770116
38. the NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes have a major role in neuronal cell death and behavioral deficits in stroke. PMID: 24008734
39. Stimulation with TNF-alpha is sufficient for activation of the NALP1 inflammasome. PMID: 23940760
40. The charge surface of the NLRP1 CARD structure and a procaspase-1 CARD model suggests potential mechanisms for their association through electrostatic attraction. PMID: 23508996
41. Genetic variation in the inflammasome affects atopic dermatitis susceptibility. PMID: 23563199
42. study found that NLRP1 rs12150220 T allele and NLRP1 rs2670660 G allele were significantly associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders compared with controls; NLRP1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disorders PMID: 23374100
43. Our results do not support the role of the NLRP1 rs8182352 in systemic sclerosis. PMID: 23380025
44. We describe a new corneal intraepithelial dyskeratosis and how we identified its causative gene - NLRP1 PMID: 23349227
45. NLRP1 shows a genetic association with giant cell arteritis. PMID: 23253924
46. NLRP1 RNA and protein levels were not altered by the predominant high-risk haplotype, indicating that altered function of the corresponding multivariant NLRP1 polypeptide predisposes to autoimmune diseases by activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome PMID: 23382179
47. we performed a genetic association study in patients with pneumococcal meningitis and found that single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the inflammasome genes CARD8 and NLRP1 are associated with poor disease outcome. PMID: 23053059
48. A haplotype, T-T-C-G-A-C, in the NLRP1 gene was associated with a higher risk for Kawasaki disease development. PMID: 22507623
49. These findings provide evidence of an association between single nucleotide variations in the NLRP1 gene and Alzheimer disease PMID: 21946017
50. Autolytic proteolysis within the function to find domain (FIIND) is required for NLRP1 inflammasome activity. PMID: 22665479

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Vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease 1 (VAMAS1); Palmoplantar carcinoma, multiple self-healing (MSPC); Autoinflammation with arthritis and dyskeratosis (AIADK)

Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cytoplasm. Nucleus.; [NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, C-terminus]: Inflammasome.

NLRP family

Widely expressed. Abundantly expressed in primary immune cells (isoform 1 and isoform 2), including in neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells (mostly Langerhans cells), and B- and T-lymphocytes (at protein level). Strongly expressed in epithe

HGNC: 14374

OMIM: 606579

KEGG: hsa:22861

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000460475

UniGene: Hs.652273