Recombinant Human Actin, aortic smooth muscle (ACTA2)

1. Adenocarcinomas showed significantly higher staining scores of both VEGF and alphaSMA than squamous cell carcinomas did. In 42 cases of high CD31 score, five-year survival rate (87%) of patients with lung cancer showing mature tumor vessels was significantly better than that (69%) of patients with immature tumor vessels PMID: 29970531
2. connective tissue disease including ACTA2 mutations should be considered for aortic dissection in young adult patients. PMID: 28808903
3. cellular defects due to the ACTA2 mutation in both aortic smooth muscle cells and adventitial fibroblasts may contribute to development of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections and proliferative occlusive vascular disease PMID: 28652363
4. our results seemed to justify the conclusion that ACTA2 did not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of BAV aortopathy. PMID: 29049801
5. In patients with MYH11 or ACTA2 variants, the effect of intronic variants on splicing was demonstrated on the mRNA level in the induced smooth muscle cell (SMC), allowing classification into pathogenic or nonpathogenic variants. PMID: 28074631
6. We present a young woman whose ACTA2 mutation was ascertained during pregnancy because of her father's history of dissecting aneurysms. She was delivered at full term by cesarean section and subsequently had severe uterine hemorrhage due to uterine atony. Targeted analysis of the patient's ACTA2 gene revealed she had inherited the N117S variant from her father. PMID: 29202781
7. During transition from the pluripotent stage towards the neural developmental stage, ACTA2 is differentially expressed in bipolar patient derived cells compared to control derived cells. PMID: 28117838
8. Two unrelated patients with the heterozygous R189H mutation in ACTA2 and complex congenital heart defects expands the cardiac phenotype of multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome. PMID: 28328125
9. Cells in high glucose for 7 days showed a significant decrease in mRNA expression of CD31 and VE-cadherin, and a significant increase in that of alpha-SMA and collagen I. PMID: 28347704
10. ACTA2 is the isoform of contractile protein alpha-actin present in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) throughout the arterial tree.4 Pathologic conditions in individuals with ACTA2 mutations show increased deposition of SMCs in the intimal arterial layer, leading to a decreased intraluminal diameter.4 PMID: 28343608
11. Two novel actin alpha 2 mutations (N117I and L348R) were identified in each familial non-syndromatic thoracic aortic aneurysm proband separately, and an additional novel actin alpha 2 mutation (Y168N) was identified in one patient with sporadic non-syndromatic thoracic aortic aneurysm. PMID: 27431987
12. The R179H mutation has the potential to affect actin structure and function in both the contractile domain of the cell and the more dynamic cytoskeletal pool of actin, both of which are required for contraction. PMID: 27551047
13. site-directed mutagenesis revealed several basic amino acid residues in the intermolecular (R267) and intramolecular (K82 and R159) subdomains that are essential for Purbeta transcriptional repressor function in Acta2 promoter-reporter assays. In keeping with their diminished Acta2 repressor activity in fibroblasts, purified Purbeta variants containing an R267A mutation exhibited reduced binding affinity for purine-ric... PMID: 27064749
14. Data show that the expression profiles of three proteins: E-cadherin, Snail, and alpha-smooth muscle actin were significantly different in extraprostatic extension prostate cancer (PCa) compared with intra-prostatic tumour. PMID: 26701730
15. ACTA2 mutations are associated with structural disruption and functional impairment of contractile proteins, and predispose to a variety of diffuse vascular diseases including TAAD, CAD, ischemic strokes, and Moyamoya disease. Vascular SMCs are also implicated in vascular remodeling in both physiological and pathological conditions. PMID: 26934405
16. Parenchymal alphaSMA expression in hepatic tissue appeared to increase only among hepatitis C subjects with fibrosis 3-4. PMID: 26927700
17. Multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome secondary to an ACTA2 mutation. PMID: 26835993
18. alpha-SMA expression, and MLC phosphorylation, whereas butaprost inhibited TGF-beta2-induced CPCG contraction, actin polymerization, and MLC phosphorylation. PMID: 27082296
19. Genetic analysis revealed a missense mutation of the ACTA2 gene, encoding for a smooth muscle isoform of alpha-actin. PMID: 27012699
20. NGF has a role in modulating trkANGFR/p75NTR in alphaSMA-expressing conjunctival fibroblasts from human ocular cicatricial pemphigoid PMID: 26569118
21. increased level of alphaSMA, a hallmark of epithelial mesenchymal transition in lens epithelial cells, is associated with increased level of histone H4 acetylation at the promoter region of alphaSMA gene(ACTA2) PMID: 25853442
22. Mutations disrupting p.R179 and p.R258 were associated with significantly increased risk for aortic events, whereas p.R185Q and p.R118Q mutations showed significantly lower risk of aortic events compared with other mutations PMID: 25759435
23. Alpha-SMA overexpression induced YAP translocation to the nucleus and reduced the high clonogenicity and adipogenic potential of alpha-SMA-negative MSCs. PMID: 26028530
24. The number and distribution of myofibroblasts and the expression levels of ACTA2 in the fetal membrane may be involved in the mechanisms of development, apoptosis and trophoblastmyofibroblast transformation of the fetal membrane. PMID: 25954927
25. All the variants analyzed expressed alpha-SMA mildly or moderately, except for the follicular variant that either did not express alpha-SMA or expressed it mildly. PMID: 26470744
26. alphaSMA was not expressed in benign papillary hyperplastic lesions while it was expressed in papillary carcinoma PMID: 25921136
27. Transforming growth factor-beta1 induces an up-regulation of alpha-SMA stress fibers in retinal Muller cells and fibroblasts and appears to have a cell-specific effect on intracellular collagen expression. PMID: 26447986
28. Ca2+- and KCa3.1-dependent processes facilitate "constitutive" alpha smooth muscle actin expression and Smad2/3 signalling in IPF-derived fibroblasts, and thus promote fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation. PMID: 25476248
29. The effect of the R258C mutation in SM alpha-actin, is reported. PMID: 26153420
30. ACTA2, FSP1, and PDGFRa are unfavorable prognostic indicators of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. PMID: 24945657
31. The immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in 15 cases of pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands, were investigated. PMID: 25611270
32. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins CK-7 and alpha-SMA colocalized to the intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in patients with biliary atresia. PMID: 25406900
33. The ACTA2 gene encodes the smooth muscle alpha2-actin protein. Pathogenic mutations within ACTA2 result in disrupted contractility and are a recognized cause of aortic dissection PMID: 26034244
34. We report a missense mutation in the smooth muscle alpha-actin (ACTA2; MIM*102620) gene in a 3 generational family from Northern Ireland in which iris flocculi were an ocular marker of the disease. PMID: 24020716
35. We report a case of ACTA2 mutation in a 3-year-old girl presenting with acute ischemic stroke PMID: 24353327
36. Women with ACTA2 mutations who are planning to get pregnant should be counseled about this risk of aortic dissection, and proper clinical management should be initiated to reduce this risk. PMID: 24243736
37. alpha-SMA could be a useful marker for the detection of early stage fibrosis in liver transplant recipients stopping immunosuppressive therapy. PMID: 24966580
38. This study analyzes the microvascular density (MVD) for CD105+ and alpha-SMA+ vessels and VEGF immunoexpression for 35 oral squamous cell carcinomas and for the associated dysplastic lesions of the lips. PMID: 24715163
39. This case illustrates the spectrum of systemic malformations that are attributable to mutations in ACTA2 and expands the spectrum of cerebrovascular anomalies that are now known to accompany congenital mydriasis. PMID: 24998021
40. Identical twin brothers were identified with severe progressive thoracic aortic aneurysm due to ACTA2 mutation. PMID: 25225139
41. Relationships of alpha-SMA-positive fibroblasts and SDF-1-positive tumor cells with neoangiogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PMID: 24877105
42. High ACTA2 expression is associated with pancreatic cancer. PMID: 25314063
43. genetic testing revealed new mutations in FBN1, TGFbetaR1, TGFbetaR2 and ACTA2 detected in patients with clinical diagnosis of Marfan Syndrome, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome and Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. PMID: 24793577
44. Significant down-regulation of the ACTA2 gene, encoding the cytoskeletal protein alpha 2 actin, in response to RHOA knockdown in both osteoblast-like and osteoclast-like cells. PMID: 24840563
45. Sphingosylphosphorylcholine stimulates alpha-SMA protein expression and human lung fibroblast mediated collagen gel contraction via S1P2 receptor. PMID: 24614064
46. Suggest dynamic interplay between transcriptional activators Pur-alpha/Pur-beta and repressors in regulating SMalphaA gene output during myofibroblast differentiation. PMID: 24446247
47. Angiogenesis evaluated through the VEGF and MVD (CD105+ and alpha-SMA+) expression is correlated with the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer and could be considered a prognostic marker of these tumors. PMID: 24322015
48. ACTA2 regulates c-MET and FAK expression in lung adenocarcinoma cells, which positively and selectively influence metastatic potential. PMID: 23995859
49. findings confirmed that ACTA2 did not play an important role in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease PMID: 24024919
50. Our data suggest that ACTA2 is not a major disease-causing gene for spontaneous cerebral artery dissection PMID: 23879759

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HGNC: 130

OMIM: 102620

KEGG: hsa:59

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000224784

UniGene: Hs.500483