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  4. Recombinant Rat Glutamate receptor 2 (Gria2), partial

Recombinant Rat Glutamate receptor 2 (Gria2), partial

  • 中文名称：
    大鼠Gria2重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-YP009899RA
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Yeast
  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    大鼠Gria2重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP009899RA
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    大鼠Gria2重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP009899RA-B
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 共轭：
    Avi-tag Biotinylated

    E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.

  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    大鼠Gria2重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-BP009899RA
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Baculovirus
  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    大鼠Gria2重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-MP009899RA
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Mammalian cell
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 纯度：
    >85% (SDS-PAGE)
  • 基因名：
    Gria2
  • Uniprot No.：
    P19491
  • 别名：
    Gria2; Glur2Glutamate receptor 2; GluR-2; AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2; GluR-B; GluR-K2; Glutamate receptor ionotropic; AMPA 2; GluA2
  • 种属：
    Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • 蛋白长度：
    Partial
  • 蛋白标签：
    Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
    The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 复溶：
    We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
  • 储存条件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保质期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 货期：
    Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
    Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
  • 注意事项：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet ：
    Please contact us to get it.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized ...显示更多
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. study found that both GluA2 and PICK1 were down-regulated in kainate-treated rats for as long as eight weeks after induction of epilepsy; statistical analysis indicates that the functional role of PIC 1 in studied material is to increase GluA2 concentrations in the cells PMID: 28888867
    2. translocation of surface GluA1, but not GluA2, AMPAR subunits to the synapse requires the amino-terminal domain PMID: 28630296
    3. Mature SREBP1 and GluA2 levels were elevated approximately two-fold in nuclear fractions (NF) of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS)hippocampal homogenates compared to non-epileptic control (NEC) animals. Significant increases in GAPDH ( approximately 15-fold) and total caspase 3 ( approximately 10-fold) levels were also found in NFs of GAERS hippocampal homogenates in comparison to the non-epileptic ... PMID: 28719803
    4. Altered GluA2 and GluA1 membrane expression would alter signal transduction which may contribute to cognitive and motor alterations in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy. PMID: 29107806
    5. GluA1 and phosphorylated GluA1 at serine 845 (pSer845GluA1) have been implicated previously in cocaine self-administration and cocaine-cue extinction learning. PMID: 26384129
    6. Guided by the GluA2 structure, we performed cysteine mutant cross-linking experiments in full-length GluA1/A2, aiming to draw the heteromeric AMPAR architecture. We found that the amino-terminal domains determine the first level of heterodimer formation. When the dimers further assemble into tetramers, GluA1 and GluA2 subunits have preferred positions, possessing a 1-2-1-2 spatial assembly PMID: 27601647
    7. Results indicate that glucocorticoid hormones increase AMPA receptor mediated synaptic transmission and synaptic insertion of AMPA receptors via a mechanism that requires NSF/GluA2 interaction. This may contribute to the memory enhancing effects of glucocorticoid hormones. PMID: 26766634
    8. Hippocampal GluA2 and GluA4 protein but not corresponding mRNA and promoter methylation levels are modulated at retrieval in spatial learning of the rat. PMID: 27714514
    9. these observations demonstrated the detailed functional interaction between BDNF and mGluR II: Activation of mGluR II positively regulates self-induced BDNF expression, and, in turn, BDNF negatively regulates the gene expression of mGluR II in a neuronal activity-independent manner, in cortical neurons, but not in astrocytes. PMID: 28119091
    10. cryo-electron microscopy structures of AMPA receptor-auxiliary subunit complexes in the apo, antagonist- and agonist-bound states and determination of the iris-like mechanism of ion channel opening PMID: 28737760
    11. report crystal structures of the rat AMPA-subtype GluA2 receptor in complex with three noncompetitive inhibitors. PMID: 27618672
    12. results lead to a model of cooperative activation of mGluRs that provides a framework for understanding how class C GPCRs couple extracellular binding to dimer reorganization and G protein activation. PMID: 27641494
    13. Study elucidates structures of the GluA2-TARP gamma2 complex in the presence of the partial agonist kainate or the full agonist quisqualate together with a positive allosteric modulator or with quisqualate alone. Structural and computational analysis suggests the full agonist and modulator complex harbors an ion-permeable channel gate, providing the first view of an activated AMPA receptor. PMID: 28823560
    14. Dynamical differences of hemoglobin and the ionotropic glutamate receptor in different states have been revealed by a new dynamics alignment method. PMID: 28459140
    15. Adding more AMPA receptors to excitatory contacts had little effect on synaptic strength. Instead, we observed increased excitatory input through the apparent addition of new functional sites. Our data support a model where adding AMPA receptors is sufficient to activate synapses that had few receptors to begin with, but that additional remodeling events are required to strengthen established synapses. PMID: 28132827
    16. This work demonstrates a novel mechanism in which mGluR signals release AMPA receptors rapidly from the endoplasmic reticulum and couple endoplasmic reticulum release to GluA2 synaptic insertion and GluA1 removal. PMID: 27856517
    17. The results show that GluA2 is the dominant isoform that shapes the overall functional properties of the GluA2-containing AMPA receptor channels. PMID: 28244309
    18. This study demonstrated that developmental changes in the expression of the 100 kDa GluA2 AMPA protein and 50 kDa protein fragment detected in different brain regions of animals after LiCl/Pilocarpine-induced-status epilepticus (SE) at P12. Expression. PMID: 27288240
    19. cryo-EM structure of the homomeric GluA2 AMPA receptor saturated with TARP gamma2 subunits, showing how the TARPs are arranged with four-fold symmetry around the ion channel domain and make extensive interactions with the M1, M2 and M4 transmembrane helices PMID: 27368053
    20. demonstrate that inhibition of NADPH oxidase blunts the OGD/R-induced association of GluA2 with protein interacting with C kinase-1 PMID: 25475532
    21. These findings suggest that a constitutive decay-like forgetting process erases long-term memories over time, which, depending on the memory removed, may critically contribute to developing adaptive behavioral responses. PMID: 27013677
    22. This study demonstrated that an increased contribution of accumbens shell CP-AMPARs containing unedited GluA2(Q) promotes cocaine seeking. Therefore, CP-AMPARs containing unedited GluA2(Q) represent a novel target for cocaine addiction pharmacotherapies. PMID: 25349168
    23. activity-dependent regulation of STEP61 and its substrates GluN2B and GluA2 may contribute to homeostatic stabilization of excitatory synapses. PMID: 26391783
    24. The adaptive changes in AMPAR and NMDAR subunit mRNA might dictate the regenerative fate of FMNs in response to the peripheral axotomy and thereby play a unique role in the pathogenesis of facial nerve injury and regeneration. PMID: 26343542
    25. GluA1 levels were elevated in the Complete Freund's Adjuvant model after a period (7 d) of persistent pain, leading to the formation of GluA2-lacking AMPA receptors. PMID: 26260133
    26. Glutamate stimulates local protein synthesis in the axons of rat cortical neurons by activating AMPA receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors. PMID: 26134564
    27. Dorsal hippocampal receptor complex levels containing NR1/GluA1/GluA2 were modulated by long term potentiation induction. PMID: 24442866
    28. elevated GluA2 trafficking induced by activated EphB2/ephrinB2 reverse signaling likely contributes to Retinal Ganglion Cell apoptosis in Chronic Ocular Hypertension rats. PMID: 25834064
    29. Results indicate that the persistence of long-term memory depends on the maintenance of a steady-state level of synaptic GluA2/AMPARs, which requires the interaction of NSF with GluA2 PMID: 24753224
    30. Active GluA2-dependent AMPAR endocytosis prevents the conversion of hippocampal CA1 decaying long term potentiation (LTP) into nondecaying LTP in freely moving rats. PMID: 25437879
    31. Using a multidisciplinary approach combining X-ray crystallography, cryo-EM, and EPR spectroscopy, GluA2 AMPA receptor structure and dynamics in resting, pre-open, and desensitized states were studied, expanding knowledge into the molecular mechanisms of AMPA receptor gating in the context of the full-length receptor. PMID: 25109876
    32. Data suggest amechanism by which retrograde semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) signalling regulates the glutamate receptor localization through trafficking of cis-interacting PlexA4 with GluA2 along dendrites. PMID: 24599038
    33. a novel mechanism of regulation of trafficking of GluA2-containing receptors to the surface under the control of intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics and CaMKII activity PMID: 24831007
    34. this study reporta x-ray crystal structures of an intact, rat GluA2 AMPA receptor in complex with a homodimeric Conus striatus cone snail toxin. PMID: 25103405
    35. this study reports a structure of a homotetrameric rat GluA2 receptor in complex with partial agonist (S)-5-nitrowillardiine PMID: 25103407
    36. solved three structures of the GluA2 ligand-binding domain in the presence of 7.5, 50 and 250 mM L-Asp PMID: 24673938
    37. DNA methylation of such genes as gria2 mediates persistent epileptiform activity and inter-individual differences in the epileptic response to neuronal insult. PMID: 24098468
    38. Orchestrated regulation of Nogo receptors, LOTUS, AMPA receptors and BDNF in an ECT model suggests opening and closure of a window of synaptic plasticity. PMID: 24244357
    39. AMPA receptor subunit GluR2 expression, trafficking and long-term potentiation are suppressed in membrane-enriched hippocampus extract in response to aluminum exposure PMID: 24625397
    40. Our results suggest that mGluR2 and mGluR7 may contribute to the early rebalancing of spontaneous resting activity in the MVN. PMID: 24264036
    41. Upregulation of NSF-GluR2 interactions in nucleus accumbens follows withdrawal from cocaine. PMID: 24599450
    42. increased expression as a key mechanisms for long-term synaptic plasticity in visceral pain hypersensitivity rats PMID: 24487031
    43. Phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor, particularly the GluR2 subunit, may be important in electroaccupuncture analgesia of complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation. PMID: 23942984
    44. The structures of a GluA2 ligand-binding domain mutant in complex with CX516 receptor modulator and its 3-methylpiperidine analog (Me-CX516) are reported. Both compounds are found to modulate receptor dectivation. PMID: 23999288
    45. inhibition of PTEN or blockage of GluR2-lacking AMPARs may attenuate the death of hippocampal neurons post injury through decreasing the translocation of GluR2 subunit on the membrane effectively PMID: 23799014
    46. Increasing O-GlcNAcylation in hippocampus induces GluA2 receptor long-term depression. PMID: 24381264
    47. nerve injury increases GluA2 internalization and the prevalence of GluA2-lacking AMPARs in the spinal dorsal horn to maintain chronic neuropathic pain PMID: 24030012
    48. Dynamics of cleft closure of the GluA2 ligand-binding domain in the presence of full and partial agonists revealed by hydrogen-deuterium exchange. PMID: 23940029
    49. Data indicate that AMPA receptors have an alternating subunit arrangement of GluA1/GluA2, whereas NMDA receptors adopt an adjacent arrangement of GluN1/GluN2A, whereas NMDA receptors adopt an adjacent arrangement. PMID: 23760273
    50. The results of this study support the local translation of GluA1-4 mRNAs in dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal cells and CA1 interneurons but not in granule cells of the dentate gyrus. PMID: 23296627

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic density membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
  • 蛋白家族：
    Glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family, GRIA2 subfamily
  • 组织特异性：
    Detected in forebrain. Detected in dendrites of neuronal cells. Expressed in the pyramidal cell layers of CA1 and CA3 and in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus.
  • 数据库链接：

    KEGG: rno:29627

    STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000062152

    UniGene: Rn.91361

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